恩哥Python量化教室-零基礎也能學會Python

一、前言

上一篇說到如何高速拉好UI介面,並給物件取名,而後讓python可以去執行

還不會的趕快花5分鐘去學一下  【Pyqt5使用者介面開發】Python使用Qt Designer快速拉好使用者介面並讓它活起來

這邊教大家如何用python Pyqt5高速的讓你的app加上你想要的基本功能

 

二、為你的app加上功能

未修改前程式碼(上一篇的程式碼)

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QFrame
import sys

class Ui_Form(object):
 def setupUi(self, Form):
 Form.setObjectName("Form")
 Form.resize(454, 177)
 self.pushButton_print = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
 self.pushButton_print.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 120, 93, 28))
 self.pushButton_print.setObjectName("pushButton_print")
 self.label_print = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form)
 self.label_print.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 20, 51, 61))
 self.label_print.setObjectName("label_print")
 self.lineEdit_print = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Form)
 self.lineEdit_print.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 20, 351, 61))
 self.lineEdit_print.setObjectName("lineEdit_print")

 self.retranslateUi(Form)
 QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)

 def retranslateUi(self, Form):
 _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
 Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form"))
 self.pushButton_print.setText(_translate("Form", "點我開始"))
 self.label_print.setText(_translate("Form", "顯示:"))

class MainFrame(QFrame, Ui_Form):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
 super(MainFrame, self).__init__(parent) # 調用父類把子類對象轉為父類對象
 # 調用介面
 self.setupUi(self) 

if __name__ == '__main__':
 app = QApplication(sys.argv)
 mainFrame = MainFrame()
 mainFrame.show()
 sys.exit(app.exec_())

 

(1)  定義槽函數

在MainFrame class下加上自訂槽函數

class MainFrame(QFrame, Ui_Form):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
 super(MainFrame, self).__init__(parent) # 調用父類把子類對象轉為父類對象
 # 調用介面
 self.setupUi(self) 
 
 # 自訂槽函數
 def calculation(self):
 a = 1
 b = 2
 c = a + b
 d = c * 2
 self.lineEdit_print.setText('恩哥好帥' + str(d)) # .setText方法讓文字顯示在lineEdit上

 

(2)  連接信號

用 .clicked.connect()來連接槽函數,其中clicked是點擊一下的意思

你也可以去找到其他事件

class MainFrame(QFrame, Ui_Form):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
 super(MainFrame, self).__init__(parent) # 調用父類把子類對象轉為父類對象
 # 調用介面
 self.setupUi(self) 
 
 # 信號
 self.pushButton_print.clicked.connect(self.calculation) # 信號與槽連接
 
 # 自訂槽函數
 def calculation(self):
 a = 1
 b = 2
 c = a + b
 d = c * 2
 self.lineEdit_print.setText('恩哥好帥' + str(d)) # .setText方法讓文字顯示在lineEdit上

 

(3) 完整程式碼

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QFrame
import sys

class Ui_Form(object):
 def setupUi(self, Form):
 Form.setObjectName("Form")
 Form.resize(454, 177)
 self.pushButton_print = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
 self.pushButton_print.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 120, 93, 28))
 self.pushButton_print.setObjectName("pushButton_print")
 self.label_print = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form)
 self.label_print.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 20, 51, 61))
 self.label_print.setObjectName("label_print")
 self.lineEdit_print = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Form)
 self.lineEdit_print.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 20, 351, 61))
 self.lineEdit_print.setObjectName("lineEdit_print")

 self.retranslateUi(Form)
 QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)

 def retranslateUi(self, Form):
 _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
 Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form"))
 self.pushButton_print.setText(_translate("Form", "點我開始"))
 self.label_print.setText(_translate("Form", "顯示:"))

class MainFrame(QFrame, Ui_Form):
 def __init__(self, parent=None):
 super(MainFrame, self).__init__(parent) # 調用父類把子類對象轉為父類對象
 # 調用介面
 self.setupUi(self) 
 
 # 信號
 self.pushButton_print.clicked.connect(self.calculation) # 信號與槽連接
 
 # 自訂槽函數
 def calculation(self):
 a = 1
 b = 2
 c = a + b
 d = c * 2
 self.lineEdit_print.setText('恩哥好帥' + str(d)) # .setText方法讓文字顯示在lineEdit上
 

if __name__ == '__main__':
 app = QApplication(sys.argv)
 mainFrame = MainFrame()
 mainFrame.show()
 sys.exit(app.exec_())

這樣一來執行後就可以點按紐與介面有基本互動了

 

三、後記

這個範例用了三個元件label(標籤)、pushButton(按鈕)、lineEdit(編輯列)

用了lineEdit的.setText方法,趕快去說明文件找到自己想用的元件與他的方法吧!

接下來看完這篇,更有效率的寫使用者介面喔喔喔喔喔!!!!

【Pyqt5使用者介面開發】物件導向概念結合Pyqt5:更有效率管理程式碼!